A set of anti-terrorism security measures

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Terrorism is a threat that always forces state rulers to “keep their finger on the pulse.” Danger can arise where it is not even expected, so it is easier to take care of it in advanceanti-terrorism protectionon the ground, in the regions, to individual departments, than to then clean up the consequences of a sudden tragedy.

Today we will talk about what anti-terrorism security is, what role the heads of organizations play in it, how to ensuresafety precautionspopulation and not cause the death of hundreds of thousands of people.

Table of contents:

• the concept of anti-terrorism protection;
• regulatory documents;
• what objects are subject to protection;
• a set of anti-terrorist measures;
• first aid for victims;
• liability for failure to comply with protective measures.

Anti-terrorist protection concept

A system of organizational and legal measures using high-tech security systems for strategically significant, social, industrial,transport facilitiescalledanti-terrorism protection.

The organization of such measures is within the powers of state authorities and municipal authorities. Government officials distribute responsibilities according toanti-terrorist security, entrust their implementation to law enforcement agencies and other subordinate structures.

 

 

Great importance in the adoption and implementation of anti-terrorist protection measures is given to local organizations - individual entrepreneurs, legal entities, and the population. They must direct efforts to protect their real and movable property.

Each object has its own requirements and standards for protection. In educational institutions, the director is responsible for organizing anti-terrorism events. Its task is to prevent dangerous objects from being brought into the territory that could cause an explosion, fire, or injury to students and employees. In addition, his competence includes organizing a first aid station and including a medical worker on the staff. Employees of educational institutions are required to know how to behave in the event of a terrorist attack, how to protect students and minimize the number of victims.

Anti-terrorism protection (ATP) is a set of measures that prevent the commission of a terrorist act. The goal is to ensure safety at the site, preservation of life and health, the environment, and materially significant values.

Tasks:

• assessing the vulnerability of an object;
• analysis of the inspection result;
• determination of the object category;
• preparation and approval of a safety data sheet;
• implementation of protective measures.

Regulatory documents

ATZ requirements and standards are set out in Federal Law No. 35, approved by the Government of the Russian Federation in 2006. Each sector of the economy and infrastructure has its own regulations and documents. They set out rules, norms, a list of mandatory and recommended measures, and categorization features.

In order to organize ATZ measures on site, the head of the organization must develop and agree on a number of documents that outline the protection measures taken and their technical implementation.

Documents on organizing ATZ measures:

• appointment of responsible persons;
• employee training;
• staff training report;
• contracts with security services;
• conclusion on object categorization;
• safety data sheet.

Technical implementation:

• installation of access control systems to the territory of the facility;
• installation of sirens, alarm systems;
• equipping the territory with high-tech engineering means.

A separate commission consisting of employees and authorized territorial security agencies is responsible for the implementation of anti-terrorist security measures. The manager is obliged to issue an order listing the members of the commission, indicating their competence and level of responsibility. The head is also a member of the commission.

Mandatory ATZ documents:

• safety data sheet of the facility listing all measures;
• order on the protection of data contained in the safety data sheet;
• plan for interaction with local government security agencies;
• regulations on the organization of access control to the facility.

What objects are subject to protection

A set of anti-terrorism security measures must be organized everywhere; every owner of movable or immovable property should think about it. But there is a list of objects that must be prepared and protected immediately.This:

• crowded places;
• common areas;
• strategically important economic or military facilities;
• large industrial complexes;
• educational institutions;
• medical centers;
• government buildings.

A detailed list of objects subject to mandatory ATZ is set out in Federal Law No. 35 “On Combating Terrorism.”

Importanceanti-terrorism protectionobjects are determined by categories that are assigned after a comprehensive assessment. The category is assigned taking into account the risk of attack, statistics on crimes committed at the sites, and location. Data for each facility is documented and stored in the Federal Security Service.

 

 

Categorization of objects also requires mathematical calculations of risks taking into account statistical data. It is necessary to determine the degree of possible damage, loss, predicted risk of death or injury, and material damage.

The higher the indicators of each criterion, the more anti-terrorist security measures need to be implemented at the facility.

Organization of categorization

When assessing the category of an object, it is necessary to rely on legislative acts. The Government of the Russian Federation has developed a number of regulations and enshrined them in Federal laws. There is no single assessment system or set of criteria that must be consistent throughout the inspection area. They can change, combine, their choice depends on statistics and mathematical forecasting.

To carry out categorization, it is necessary to collect the maximum number of statistical data on terrorist attacks committed or prevented, then make calculations and derive risk indicators for a specific object. Statistics can be obtained from your local security agency.

Site Safety Data Sheet

Decrees of the Russian Government regulate the list of documents confirming preparation for the ATZ. A mandatory document is the facility’s safety data sheet.

The document includes the following sections:

• general information about the object, which is taken from the charter, Unified State Register of Legal Entities, Unified State Register of Individual Entrepreneurs, cadastral passport;
• information about personnel and other persons present at the facility; their average number;
• area of ​​the facility, operating mode;
• critical points of the territory (potentially dangerous and most vulnerable places in the event of a terrorist threat);
• predicting consequences in the event of a terrorist attack;
• assessment of socio-economic consequences for the country;
• means used for protection;
• security service units involved in ATZ;
• engineering measures;
• conclusions;
• recommendations.

Registration of the categorization act

After the inspection, an inspection report of the ATZ facility is drawn up. Based on this, a safety data sheet will be drawn up. The act is drawn up in two copies. One remains at the enterprise, and the second is stored in the controlling structures. The document is assigned a security classification according to the degree of significance of the object and its category.

The category is assigned when an object is put into operation, and then changes can be made if the organization undergoes changes. To help organizations and managers, a number of methodological manuals have been developed, on the basis of which it is possible to draw up the correct categorization act.

A separate commission, appointed by the manager, is responsible for drawing up and approving the categorization act. Requirements depend on the category of the object. The commission should include employees of the security services and the Ministry of Internal Affairs of the Russian Federation.

Complex of anti-terrorist measures

ATZ includes not only the categorization of the object, but also its full equipment forpreventing possible threats. The purpose of anti-terrorism measures is to prevent the introduction or transportation of dangerous objects into the territory that could lead to damage to property or death of people.

 

 

An important role is also played by the training of personnel, proper training and instruction, since the health of other persons depends on their behavior in an emergency, dangerous situation, especially when it comes to educational institutions where children study. Each employee must know evacuation routes and methods of protection, and be able to suppress panic in the event of a threat.

Once a year, drills should be organized at the site to practice actions during a terrorist threat. Exercises are conducted not only for staff, but also for visitors to the facility. Panic buttons, sirens, behavior and actions of all those present are checked. Employees of organizations are required to undergo annual training on ATS. It is also recommended from time to time to examine personnel on their knowledge of instructions and actions in the event of a terrorist threat.

Responsible persons are approved by order. The manager distributes responsibilities among the staff, documenting everything. Persons appointed responsible for organizing ATZ measures should belong to the administrative and managerial staff.

In the future, this will help to find the perpetrators if the ATZ measures were not followed, since criminal and administrative liability is assumed for this. We will talk about liability measures below.

How can you distribute responsibilities at a facility:

• manager: assigning orders, maintaining general management, approving a safety data sheet, analyzing the effectiveness of measures;
• deputy: planning protection measures, providing resources for implementation, coordinating the activities of other appointed persons on ATZ, interaction with local security authorities;
• responsible for equipment: project development, coordination, budgeting, equipment purchase, cooperation with local security authorities in organizing ATZ measures, planning and implementation of protection measures;
• head of the department: implementation of protection measures, instruction, training of personnel, testing the functionality of equipment, reports on the activities carried out to senior management.

First aid for victims

Personnel training also includes instructions on providing first aid to victims in the event of a terrorist attack. Training is carried out according to federal programs approved by the country's healthcare system. the basics of first aid are uniform and approved by Order of the Ministry of Health and Social Development of the Russian Federation No. 447.

First aid to people during a terrorist attack is provided by personnel in the following cases:

• loss of consciousness;
• cessation of respiratory function;
• blood loss;
• entry of a foreign body into the respiratory tract;
• circulatory arrest;
• disruption of the cardiovascular system;
• body injuries;
• burns;
• frostbite;
• poisoning

First aid training is carried out locally or in specialized centers that have a state license to provide medical care and promote the rules in the community.

For training, it is necessary to purchase manuals, technical equipment, simulators, prepare leaflets and stands. Employees who are authorized in the organization to provide training in medical care to other personnel must annually confirm their qualifications in special training centers in the city.

Responsibility for failure to comply with protective measures

Not all business managers follow legal requirements and regulations, hoping that this situation will never affect them. But no one is immune from the terrorist threat, and if violations are discovered, it is the manager, as well as other responsible persons, who will bear responsibility.

Penalties for failure to comply with mandatory legal requirements have been tightened; now this entails not only administrative, but also criminal penalties. The penalties are set out in the Code of the Russian Federation on Administrative Offenses, Article 20.35. The fine of an organization for failure to comply with mandatory ATZ measures ranges from 100,000 to 500,000 rubles. Officials can be suspended from activities from 6 months to 3 years, and a fine for an individual in the amount of 30,000-50,000 rubles is also provided.

If the actions of the perpetrators contain criminal intent or signs of violation of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation, the person is subject to criminal prosecution. Most often, Article 293 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation is used - for negligence that caused injury or death. The punishment for such a crime is severe - restriction of freedom for up to seven years with deprivation of the right to hold office for three years or indefinitely. A more lenient sentence in the form of forced labor for up to five years is possible.